Patent Citations and the Geography of Knowledge Spillovers
Peter Thompson
This tab-delimited file contains the data used in the paper. It consists of all patents with an insutitutional assignee granted during the first week of January, 2003, and all patents they cite granted after January 1, 1976. The citing patents appear mutliple times, once for each citation they make.
The columnns of the files are:
Citing number- Number of the citing patent.
Cited number- Number of the cited patent.
Added by examiner Equals 1 if the examiner added the citation, 0 otherwise
Cited noninstitutional Equals 1 if the assignee of the cited patent is a company, university, or government entity, 0 if the assignee is a private individual or no assignee other than the inventor is given.
Self-citation Equals 1 if the citation is to a patent with the same assignee.
*Citing file date Filing date of citing patent.
*Citing issue date- Issue date of citing patent.
*Citing assignee name- In the case of multiple assignees, the first-named assignee was used. Where possible, the file name was converted to the preferred format given in the NBER patent files. This variable needs further manual cleaning before it can be used reliably.
*Citing assignee city- The city of the assignee as given in the patent. I did not use this variable in the paper, so it has not been cleaned up. Some place names are missing, and foreign place names (especially Taiwanese) have all sorts of variants of spelling. This variable needs further manual cleaning before it can be used reliably.
*Citing assignee state- The state of the assignee as given in the patent. I did not use this variable in the paper, so it has not been cleaned up. In particular, the state code often confounds countries and US states. For example, DE is Delaware and Germany, CA is California and Canada. It is tedious to clean these up by hand, but it can be done. While the html version of the patent on the USPTO web site does not clarify, the image file does. Until 2001, for example, the patent image shows “Calif.” and “Canada” while the html file uses “CA” for both. After January 2001, the image gives “CA (US)” and “CA” for the state and county resp[ectively. This variable needs further manual cleaning before it can be used reliably.
*Citing first inventor city The city of residence of the first-named inventor. Please note that this variable has not been cleaned up for foreign locations. Foreign place names (especially Taiwanese) have all sorts of variants of spelling, and often other parts of a mailing address are still included.
*Citing first inventor state- The state of residence of the first-named inventor. Noted as “Foreign” if non-US.
*Citing first inventor county- The county of residence of the first-named inventor. Noted as “Foreign” if non-US. See notes to correlation file above.
*Citing first inventor msa- The MSA of residence of the first-named inventor. Noted as “Foreign” if non-US. See notes to correlation file above.
*Citing first inventor cmsa- The CMSA of residence of the first-named inventor. Noted as “Foreign” if non-US. See notes to correlation file above.
*Citing first inventor country- The country of residence of the first-named inventor.
*Citing examiner- The name of the primary examiner.
*Citing US class- The primary US classification code.
*Citing Int class- The International classification code. Where more than one code is given in the patent, the first-listed is given here.
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